BY PETER SANG
Biahmaithi
Ram pakhat ah kan um tik ah kan umnak ram uknak power umtuning, phunglam hna a pehtawnhtu a thlurpi theih hi thil biapi ngai pakhat asi. Kan ram ah ahonih/mizei buu pawl nih dah power an ngeih? Zeibantuk cozah dah kan ngeih i, zeibantuk uknak phunghrampi nih dah ramchung a cawlcangmi minung pakhat cio le buu hna kha an kan hruai ti kha theih awk a herh bakmi an si. Abik in mi phun pakhat mi buu kan i hruainak ah upa riantuantu pawl le policy suaitu pawl nih hi pawl kong hi kan theih awk ah a biapi khun.
Hi bantuk in ramchung cawlcanghnak ukning phunlam hna kan theih ve lo ah cun, mibuu kan i hruainak ah thil pingpang ton kan fawi i, a herh lomi ah buaibai khawh kan si. Kawlnih သိသူ ေဖၚစား မသိသူ ေက်ာ္သြား an ti mi khi a dik ngaimi phungthlukbia pakhat asi fawn. A um komi kan theih ah cun thiltha tampi kan i lak khawh hnga i, thiltha tampi kan pawng ah a um ve ko hmanh ah kan theih ve tunglo ah cun, kan lanhtakzong an um lai ti cu a fiang.
Cucaah “understanding Norway welfare system” (Norway welfare system kong theih fiannak) tiin tlang ka taar i, a theih fawibiknak in seminar i chim ding kai timhmi kha capaar in ka hun tial chihnak asi. Norway hi welfare state pakhat zong asi caah an welfare umtuning a tlang piin kan theih khawh ah cun, riantuannak ah kan lam a tluang deuh hrim lai ti a fiang.
A rum tuk mi Norway
Norway a rum ti cu, ahopoh nih kan theih cio mi fact pakhat si. An rumnak a ruangbik cu, 1970 hrawnghrang in an rak hmuhmi tinam (Oil exploration) ruang ah asi. Hi tinam a chuah pin ah rili saupi nih an ram nichuahlei vialte a kil caah nga tampi an ngei i ram dangdang ah an zuar khawh. An ram ah tinbaw sak an thiamtuk caah vawleicung ram rum tampi ah an sakmi tinbaw pawl tampi an zuar khawh rih fawn caah an ram nih a tlang piin phaisa lut tampi an ngeihnak hi asi.
Kum 2009 ah Norway ram an GDP (Gross Domestic Product) cu American dollar in billion 273 a phan. Vawleicung ah rank 41 nak asi. Burma he tahchunh ah cun a let 5-6 tam a si. Milu zat tahchunh tik ah, cheuhra cheu khat lawng an si fawn. Minung pakhat lutmi phaisa zat (income per capita) in cun, vawleicung ah number 2 nak asi, Luxembourg timi ram changtu asi.
Norway nih oil fund an ngeihmi hi vawleicung ah Saudi Arabia changtu bak an si fawn i, billion 500 hrawng ai ngei cang. Nikhat hnu nikhat in tinam (Oil ) an hmuhmi tete ai chap fawn tik ah, an ngeihmi a karh chin lengmang fawn.
Hi tluk in a rum ve caah a ramchung minung hna nih i niamsan deuhnak a um lo khawhnak caah asi khawh chung in cozah nih bawmh ai zuam. Cu zuamnak in riantuannak cu welfare riantuannak kan ti. Chiatha bawmhnak tiah Laiholh in leh khawh asi. Aruangcu, miharsa hna kha cawisan in ramchung minung i niamsannak kha ai ruang khawh chung si ding in tawlrel kha asi.
Power in Norway
Norway ah mizeidah power a ngei ti hi an politics ah biapi ngaimi biahalnak pakhat asi. Power ngei pawl hei theih khawh lawng ah ramchung politics thlihran i fian awk a tha hnga. Politics mit in power ngeimi hei hmuh khawh lawngah thaizing ah zeidah kan dirhmun a lawh lai ti tuak chung khawh asi hnga. Cu ti kan theih cia lawng ah, zeitindah cu dirhmun phanh lo nak caah zei tal kan kham khawh mi aum hnga maw tibantuk in timhtuahchungnak tete hna zong ngeih khawh chung asi hnga. Uknak phunghram tha tein a ngei lomi ram asi mi hna Burma, Afghanistan tibantuk hna ah mizeidah power a ngei ti kawl ah cun, minung pakhat silole buu pakhat khat khi kan hei sawh khawh hna hnga. Sinain Norway bantuk hruainak tha/hngetmi a ngeimi hna sin ah cun mizeidah power a ngei ti kawl kha sullam a ngei ti lo. Mi buu pakhat zong kha power an ngei ti awk an tha ti lo.
Siangpahrang cu ram lubik “head of state” an si ti kan theih. Sinain politics ah power an ngei lo ti kha an constitution nih an kan chimh. Mipi nih thimmi ramhruaitu hna zong zoh tik ah anmah duh poh in an cawlcang kho ve hrimhrim lo. Aruangcu, a thimtu hna mipi an awan ngeih a herh, mipi le anmah karlak ah contract an tuahmi biakamnak kha tha tein an zulh khawh tunglo ah cun, nawlngeihnak pekmi kha a zawr, min a chia i, a donghnak ah an tlaknak a sang ko- system nih condemn a tuah hna. Cucaah tulio biaelnak a lumsa ngaimi pakhat cu, Norway ah khawzei ahdah power ai fut? Ti hi asi.
Democracy cansaupi a hmang cangmi Norway bantuk ram ah cun, ramchung um buu (Cozah, cozah silomi buu, company ) vialte hna zalawng tein le duhdim tein hmunkhat ah an kal/cawhpawlh khawhnak caah a rak kilkamhtu hna hi an ram bureaucratic system pi arak si. Hi Bureucracy a thawnnak ram hna ah cun, a chungum buu pawl le minung pawl kha cu system pi nih cun a control hna i, hruaitu thawngtha ngaingai an um lo hmanh ah buaibai lo tein an kal kho i ram pumpi hruaitu i thimnak zong ah mizeinih cozah a tlaihnak uknak a tlaih lai timi kong an buai tuk ti lo.
Buu pawl hna nih anmah le an si ning cio in self sufficient timi mah tein cawlcangh khawhnak an ngeih cio lawng siloin, midang buu pawl hna he an cawlcangh/kaltinak ah a kilveng/himhawmtu system kha tha tein an rak ngeih ruang ah, minung pumpak in siseh, buu pakhat hnih lawng in siseh duhpoh in an cawlcangh kho hna lo. Pakhat le pakhat sur bantuk in an i rak pehtlai dih hna caah, pakhat lawng langchuak piin duh poh in cawlcangh khawh asi lo caah mizeidah an ram ah power a tlai ti chim awk a rak tha lo. Power structure theih duh ah cun, an ram chung i hruainak, buu pakhat le pakhat an I pehtlaih ning, a pehtawnhtu sur kal ning kha a tlang pi tal in kan i fiang khawh a hau.
Atang suaimi hi zoh tik ah Norway bureaucracy system pi a kilkawi tu hna le power a ngeimi hna a tlang piin hmuh khawhmi hna an si. (Vårt Politiske Norge cauk chung zuksuai asi)
Social security system
Norway ah social security a tlaitu hi NAV (The Norwegian Labour and Welfare Administration) zungpi an si. Hi zung nih a tuanmi cu, Norway ram ah khua a sami minung pumpak pakhat cio nih suaicangmi dirhmun a phanh khawh lo ah cun bawmhchanh ding timi kong zohfiannak, bawmhchanhnak a pek. Norway milu cheuli ah cheukhat cu hi welfare system taang ah cozah bawmhnak ai rinhmi silole a laa ve mi lawngte an si (Asbjørn Kjønstad 2008: 31). NAV website (www.nav.no ) ah an tialmi cu, minung 700, 000 tluk hi social welfare bawmhnak a hmu mi an si ti asi. Hi minung zat nih kan hmuhmi hi, Norway GDP cheuli cheukhat nak tam asi ( US Billion 60 hrawng) le cozah nih kumkhat budget i 50% hi welfare ah a kal ti asi.
Norway welfare system nih ruahnak a ngeihmi cu, mizei poh hi anmah tein an khuasak tuntuknak ah anmah tein an cawlcangh khawh cio ah cun, kan ram pum pi in kan thawng lai. Cucaah pumpak pakhat cio an cawl khawhnak caah cozahpi nih bawmh a herh ti hi asi. Hi nih a langhter mi cu pumpak pakhat cio kha thawn hmasa a herhnak alanghter. Cucaah bawmhnak phun tampi an ser. Rian ngeihlo tik ah bawmhnak, cacawnlio bawmhnak, i hliamkhawn tik ah bawmhnak, taar tik ah bawmhnak, nuhmei/pahmei bawmhnak, hngakchia kumtling lomi bawmhnak, fa ngeih tik ah bawmhnak, mi damlo bawmhnak, thihloh ton tik ah bawmhnak, nau zohkhenh ruangah bawmhnak tibantuk bawmhnak vialte hi NAV zungpi nih a tlaih hna.
Hi bantuk bawmhnak aum ruang ah, khatlei ah mi pakhat nih midang i bochannak a zawr, nulepa le fale i zohkhenhnak a zawr. Adonghnak ah cun ka chim tawnmi cu, dawtnak tiang in a zawr phah kan ti tawn. Angaite kan ti ah cun, western ram rum vialte hi individualistic society deuh an rak si nak zong hi atu bantuk in welfare system thatuk an rak ngeih ruang ah asi. Hlanlio ah cun, family bound, society bound a rak thawng ngai ve ko. Hlanlio an society cu person based society an rak si i, nihin an society cu system base society an si cang kan ti ko lai.
Acunglei ka tialmi bawmhnak hmuh khawhnak ah;
- Norway ram ummi na si a herh. (Asullam cu, ramleng ah ramdang zung pakhatkhat nih rian an in pek i rian na tuan ah cun bawmhnak covo na ngei lo, rian na tuannak ram nih bawmhnak pek ding in tuanvo an ngei ve lai)
- Norway ah riantuanmi na si a herh (Asullam cu, ramdang in Norway ah rian a rak tuanmi na si zong ah hi Norway Social security nih an huap chih ve. Caan tawite chung ramdang zung pakhatkhat nih rian an in fialmi asi belte ah cun hi bawmhnak nih an huap chih lai lo )
References:
Velferdsrett I (Grunnleggende rettigheter; rettssikkerhet og tvang)
Velferdsrett II (Barnevern og sosiale tjenester)
Vårt Politiske Norge (En innføring I stats og kommunalkunnskap)
[ Note: Hi capaar hi NCCF (Norway Chin Christian Federation) nih a tuahmi Education & Information seminar ah chuahpimi ca asi]